If 500mm is perfect for you on the 30D, then, as mentioned, you'll need 750-800mm to get the same angle of view with the 5D, so you will need either:
the 400mm with a 2x (800mm f5.6),
the 500mm with 1.4x (700mm f5.6), or
the 600mm with 1.4x (840mm f5.6).
I would guess image quality would be best with a longer lens and 1.4x, as 2x converters do push a lens to, and often past, its limits. But I have no experience with these particular ones.
You also will lose depth of field, which is critical at these focal lengths.
If I were you, I would be using the 5D for your other types of photography, and keeping the 30D for your long-lens work. Using a bigger camera and bigger lenses to get the same result is making life hard for yourself. The 5D's extra pixels may not mean much with long lens work, as sensor resolution is usually not the limiting factor (movement, lens res, atmosphere - there are many devils in tele work).
If you already have a 500mm lens, and its working well for you, why upset your system? I have the 500m f4 Nikkor, but do my best work with slower, handier gear by picking the light, upping the ISO carefully, and just getting closer. Remember, you have to carry this stuff!
Wayne Lawler
http://ecopix.net